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A linear collider vision for the future of particle physics

  • H. Abramowicz
  • , E. Adli
  • , F. Alharthi
  • , M. Almanza-Soto
  • , M. M. Altakach
  • , W. Altmannshofer
  • , S. Ampudia Castelazo
  • , D. Angal-Kalinin
  • , J. Anguiano
  • , R. B. Appleby
  • , O. Apsimon
  • , A. Arbey
  • , F. Arco
  • , O. Arquero
  • , A. Aryshev
  • , S. Asai
  • , D. Attié
  • , J. L. Avila-Jimenez
  • , H. Baer
  • , J. A. Bagger
  • Y. Bai, I. R. Bailey, C. Balazs, P. Bambade, T. Barklow, J. Baudot, P. Bechtle, T. Behnke, A. B. Bellerive, S. Belomestnykh, Y. Benhammou, J. Berenguer-Antequera, M. Berger, M. Berggren, M. Bertucci, M. Besançon, D. Bett, P. C. Bhat, T. Biekötter, S. Bilanishvili, B. Bilki, V. M. Bjelland, J. Björklund Svensson, C. Blanch, J. de Blas, B. Bliewert, M. Boehler, S. Boogert, M. Boronat, V. Boudry, D. Bourilkov, I. Bozovic, J. Braathen, J. E. Brau, C. Breuning, J. C. Brient, I. Brock, B. Brudnowski, K. Buesser, E. Bulyak, P. N. Burrows, G. Burt, O. Cakir, A. Caldwell, A. C. Canbay, F. G. Celiberto, E. Cenni, I. Chaikovska, R. Chehab, J. B.B. Chen, G. Chen, T. Chikamatsu, V. Cilento, P. Colas, M. Coman, E. Del Core, L. Corner, F. Cornet, F. Cornet-Gomez, F. Corriveau, R. Corsini, J. Cvach, C. Damerell, R. D’Arcy, A. Das, S. Dasu, M. Demarteau, H. Denizli, R. Dermisek, A. Dhar, S. Dittmaier, F. Djurabekova, E. M. Donegani, A. Doyle, P. Drobniak, B. Dudar, H. Duran Yildiz, G. Durieux, J. Dutta, S. Easo, G. Eckerlin, U. Einhaus, C. Emma, E. Esarey, D. Esperante, D. Espriu, L. R. Evans, J. Farmer, A. Faus Golfe, M. Fernandez, J. C. Fernandez-Ortega, M. Formela, A. Formenti, L. J. Forrester, B. Foster, N. Fourches, M. C. Fouz, A. Freitas, C. D. Fu, K. Fujii, J. Fujimoto, B. Fuks, J. Fuster, N. Fuster-Martínez, M. Gabelmann, F. Gaede, M. Galletti, E. Gallo, S. Ganjour, M. V. Garzelli, R. L. Geng, S. Gessner, I. D. Gialamas, B. Gimeno, J. Goldstein, M. Goncerz, A. J. Gonsalves, F. J. Gonzalez, D. González-Iglesias, S. Gori, J. Grames, P. Grannis, L. Gray, G. Grenier, H. Guler, H. E. Haber, K. Hamaguchi, N. Hamann, O. Hartbrich, N. M. Hartman, S. Heinemeyer, G. Heinrich, C. Hensel, K. Hidaka, S. Hirose, A. H. Hoang, M. J. Hogan, W. Hollik, Y. Horii, R. Hosokawa, S. Huang, G. Hütsi, D. Hynds, M. Idzik, S. Iguro, Y. Iiyama, K. Ikematsu, A. Irles, A. Ishikawa, M. Ishino, I. P. Ivanov, Y. Iwashita, M. Jacewicz, R. Jaramillo, D. Jeans, C. Jing, R. M. Jones, W. Kaabi, D. Käfer, M. Kagan, J. Kalinowski, D. K. Kalvik, J. Kaminski, S. Kanemura, K. Kannike, A. Karam, Y. Kato, K. Kawagoe, L. Kennedy, J. Kersten, S. A. Khan, V. A. Khoze, W. Kilian, J. Klamka, P. Kluit, K. Kong, R. Van Kooten, P. Koppenburg, A. Korsun, A. V. Kotwal, S. Kraml, K. Krüger, T. Kubo, K. Kubo, M. Kucharczyk, S. Kuday, N. Kumar, A. Kumar, M. Kurata, Y. Kurihara, M. Kuriki, J. Kvasnička, K. Kyoya, I. Laktineh, A. Latina, F. LeDiberder, A. Levy, M. Liepe, C. A. Lindstrøm, J. List, B. List, M. Litos, V. N. Litvinenko, A. Lopez-Virto, X. Lu, T. Luo, M. Lupberger, J. P. Márquez, B. Madison, T. Madlener, J. Maeda, F. Mahmoudi, E. Maina, N. Majernik, R. Margraf-O’Neal, T. W. Markiewicz, A. Martens, V. J. Martin, P. Martín-Luna, L. Marzola, V. I. Maslov, K. T. Matchev, S. Matsumoto, K. Mawatari, A. McIlvenny, P. A. McIntosh, K. Mekala, D. Melini, F. Meloni, A. Menéndez, S. Michizono, K. Mimasu, V. Miralles, W. Mitaroff, V. A. Mitsou, L. Monaco, G. Moortgat-Pick, M. Moreno-Llácer, T. Mori, J. Moron, S. Morton, D. Moya, M. M. Mühlleitner, M. Mulder, P. Munbodh, H. Murayama, E. Musumeci, V. V. Mytrochenko, N. Nagata, E. Nagy, T. Nakada, J. Nakajima, K. Nakamura, E. A. Nanni, E. Nardi, S. Narita, M. Nojiri, D. Ntounis, M. T. Núñez Pardo de Vera, A. Ody, O. M. Ogreid, T. Ohl, Y. Okada, C. Oleari, M. Olvegøard, M. Omet, T. Omori, Y. Onel, H. Ono, W. Ootani, C. Orero, J. Osborne, K. Österberg, J. Osterhoff, M. Ouchemhou, Q. Ouyang, S. Pagan Griso, R. Paparella, S. C. Park, J. Pata, J. R. Patterson, L. K. Pedraza-Motavita, F. Peña, M. E. Peskin, F. Pilat, P. Piot, S. Plätzer, I. Polák, W. Porod, R. Pöschl, K. Potamianos, C. T. Potter, P. Poulose, J. G. Power, T. A. du Pree, D. Protopopescu, H. R. Qi, J. Rabara Bailey, A. Racioppi, M. Raidal, J. P. Ralston, A. Rastogi, L. Reichenbach, L. Reichwein, L. Reina, J. Reuter, F. Richard, S. Riemann, R. A. Rimmer, T. Robens, A. Robson, G. Rodrigo, C. S. Rogan, J. Rojo, M. Q. Ruan, S. Rudrabhatla, A. Ruiz-Jimeno, T. Saeki, H. Sakai, Y. Sakaki, F. Salvatore, T. Sanuki, S. Sasikumar, A. Scheinker, T. Schörner, C. B. Schroeder, S. Schroeder, I. Schulthess, M. Schumacher, A. Schwartzman, Y. Seiya, A. Senol, H. Sert, D. Sertore, A. Seryi, T. Shidara, K. Sjobak, I. Smiljanic, S. Spannagel, M. Spira, M. Stanitzki, S. Stapnes, D. Storey, J. Strube, S. Su, A. Subba, T. Suehara, H. Sugawara, K. Sugizaki, Z. Sun, R. Szafron, T. Takahashi, T. Takeshita, T. Tauchi, G. Taylor, N. Terunuma, D. Terzani, T. Teubner, J. Tian, J. van Tilborg, J. Timmermans, M. Titov, R. Tomás García, T. Tong, J. M. Torndal, M. Trautwein, A. Tricoli, K. Tsumura, B. Tuchming, D. Tuckler, I. Turk Cakir, M. Tytgat, A. Ukleja, C. Vallee, A. Vauth, M. Vellasco, C. Vernieri, L. Verra, M. Vicente Barreto Pinto, I. Vidakovic, H. Videau, E. Viklund, I. Vila, M. Villaplana, M. Vos, N. Vukasinovic, N. Walker, K. Wandall-Christensen, Y. Wang, B. F.L. Ward, Z. Was, T. Watanabe, N. K. Watson, G. Weiglein, J. D. Wells, H. Wennlöf, M. Wenskat, S. Westhoff, J. W. Wetzel, A. P. White, M. Williams, P. H. Williams, G. W. Wilson, M. Wing, M. Winter, A. Winter, T. Wojton, J. C. Wood, W. Wuensch, X. Xia, K. Yagyu, A. Yamamoto, Y. Yamamoto, K. Yamamoto, H. Yamamoto, S. Yamashita, M. Yamauchi, K. Yokoya, M. Yoshioka, J. Zálešák, A. F. Żarnecki, K. Zembaczynski, D. Zerwas, Y. Zhang, W. Zhang, J. Zhang, Y. M. Zhong, M. Zielinski, M. Zobov
  • Tel Aviv University
  • University of Oslo
  • Université Paris-Saclay
  • King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology
  • University of Valencia
  • Université Grenoble Alpes
  • University of California at Santa Cruz
  • SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
  • Cockcroft Institute
  • University of Kansas
  • University of Manchester
  • Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1
  • German Electron Synchrotron
  • CIEMAT
  • High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba
  • Centre d'Etudes de Saclay
  • University of Córdoba
  • University of Oklahoma
  • Johns Hopkins University
  • University of Wisconsin-Madison
  • Lancaster University
  • Monash University
  • Institut de Recherches Subatomiques
  • University of Bonn
  • Carleton University
  • Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
  • Stony Brook University
  • University of Hamburg
  • National Institute for Nuclear Physics
  • University of Oxford
  • Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
  • Beykent University
  • University of Iowa
  • Norwegian University of Science and Technology
  • Lund University
  • University of Granada
  • University of Freiburg
  • Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet
  • University of Florida
  • University of Belgrade
  • University of Oregon
  • University of Warsaw
  • NASU - Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology
  • Ankara University
  • Max Planck Institute for Physics
  • University of Alcalá
  • Argonne National Laboratory
  • Miyagi Gakuin Women's University
  • CERN
  • Uppsala University
  • University of Liverpool
  • McGill University
  • Czech Academy of Sciences
  • STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
  • Hokkaido University
  • Oak Ridge National Laboratory
  • Abant Izzet Baysal University
  • Indiana University Bloomington
  • University of Helsinki
  • European Spallation Source ERIC
  • University of Glasgow
  • Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
  • Université catholique de Louvain
  • Institute of Mathematical Sciences
  • Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
  • Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  • University of Barcelona
  • Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas - Universidad de Cantabria
  • The Blackett Laboratory
  • University of Pittsburgh
  • CAS - Institute of High Energy Physics
  • Sorbonne Université
  • Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
  • National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn
  • University of Bristol
  • Institute of Nuclear Physics
  • The University of Tokyo
  • Technical University of Munich
  • Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas
  • Tokyo Gakugei University
  • University of Tsukuba
  • University of Vienna
  • Nagoya University
  • Iwate University
  • AGH University of Krakow
  • ICEPP
  • Sun Yat-Sen University
  • The University of Osaka
  • Kindai University
  • Kyushu University
  • University of Bergen
  • Dhofar University
  • Durham University
  • University of Siegen
  • National Institute for Subatomic Physics
  • Duke University
  • Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University
  • Hiroshima University
  • Tohoku University
  • Cornell University
  • University of Colorado Boulder
  • Northern Illinois University
  • Kobe University
  • University of Turin
  • University of Edinburgh
  • University of Alabama
  • University of Southampton
  • Austrian Academy of Sciences
  • University of Groningen
  • University of California at Berkeley
  • Aix-Marseille Université
  • Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne
  • Western Norway University of Applied Sciences
  • University of Würzburg
  • University of Milan - Bicocca
  • Nippon Dental University
  • Ruder Boskovic Institute
  • Yonsei University
  • Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
  • University of Warwick
  • Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
  • St Joseph’s University
  • Jülich Research Centre
  • Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf
  • Florida State University
  • University of Sussex
  • Los Alamos National Laboratory
  • Osaka Metropolitan University
  • Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (NITEP)
  • Istanbul University
  • Paul Scherrer Institute
  • University of Arizona
  • Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata
  • University of Pennsylvania
  • Brookhaven National Laboratory
  • Shinshu University
  • University of Melbourne
  • TRIUMF
  • Inter-University Institute for High Energies ULB-VUB
  • University of Geneva
  • Baylor University
  • Kogakuin University
  • University of Birmingham
  • Physics Dept
  • University of Texas at Arlington
  • University College London
  • Iwate Prefectural University
  • City University of Hong Kong
  • Jagiellonian University in Kraków

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

In this paper we review the physics opportunities at linear e+e− colliders with a special focus on high centre-of-mass energies and beam polarisation, take a fresh look at the various accelerator technologies available or under development and, for the first time, discuss how a facility first equipped with a technology that is mature today could be upgraded with technologies of tomorrow to reach much higher energies and/or luminosities. In addition, we discuss detectors, alternative collider modes, as well as opportunities for beyond-collider experiments and R&D facilities as part of a linear collider facility (LCF). The material of this paper supports all plans for e+e− linear colliders and the additional opportunities they offer, independently of technology choice or proposed site, as well as R&D for advanced accelerator technologies. This joint perspective on the physics goals, early technologies and upgrade strategies has been developed by the LCVision team based on an initial discussion at LCWS2024 in Tokyo and a follow-up at the LCVision Community Event at CERN in January 2025. It heavily builds on decades of achievements of the global linear collider community, in particular in the context of CLIC and ILC.

Original languageEnglish
JournalEuropean Physical Journal: Special Topics
DOIs
StateAccepted/In press - 2026

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