Clustering diffused-particle method for scattering from large ensembles of electromagnetically polarizable particles

The Foldy-Lax equation is generalized for a medium that consists of particles with both electric and magnetic responses. The result is used to compute fields scattered from ensembles of particles. The computational complexity is reduced by hierarchical clustering techniques to enable simulations with on the order of 1010 particles. With so many particles we are able to see the transition to bulk media behavior of the fields. For nonmagnetic materials, the observable index, permittivity, and permeability of the effective bulk medium are in good agreement with the Clausius-Mossotti relation. The fields simulated for particles with both electric and magnetic responses are in good agreement with new analytical results for a generalized effective medium theory.