Commonly used systemic drugs interfering with bone remodeling: a case report and literature review

Bone regeneration and remodeling are crucial to healing after surgical interventions. Local and systemic factors impact heal ing. Some well-known medications actively alter bone remod eling. The objective of this report was to increase awareness of less commonly recognized medications that may delay the in tegration of bone grafts. This case report presents the delayed integration of a bone graft after tooth removal, socket preser vation, and ridge augmentation procedures in a patient taking various medications that may have affected bone remodeling. The literature review enables the discussion of evidence re garding delayed bone remodeling associated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), sodium-glucose cotrans porter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, metformin, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and the clinical implications for patients taking these medications.