Corruption and Palm Oil in a Cross-National Perspective: How India Contributes to Forest Loss in Peripheral Nations

Drawing on the ecologically unequal exchange theory, we assess whether palm oil exports from peripheral nations to India are related to increased forest loss in the peripheral nations in the context of petty and grand corruption, which has not been done before. We go on to build upon previous cross-national work by examining if petty and grand corruption interacts with the ecologically unequal exchange of palm exports from peripheral nations to India. We test this hypothesis using ordinary least squares regression for a sample of 78 peripheral nations and find that palm oil exports to India are related to more forest loss in peripheral nations with higher rather than lower levels of petty and grand corruption. We conclude by discussing the theoretical, methodological and policy implications that follow from our findings.