Detection of the Temporal Variation of the Sun's Cosmic Ray Shadow with the IceCube Detector

Icecube Collaboration

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaffd1

Detection of the Temporal Variation of the Sun's Cosmic Ray Shadow with the IceCube Detector

Icecube Collaboration

Physics and Astronomy

University of Canterbury
German Electron Synchrotron
Université libre de Bruxelles
University of Copenhagen
Oskar Klein Centre
Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg
Marquette University
Pennsylvania State University
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
RWTH Aachen University
South Dakota School of Mines & Technology
University of Geneva
University of Alberta
University of California at Irvine
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
University of California at Berkeley
Ohio State University
Ruhr University Bochum
University of Wuppertal
University of Rochester
University of Maryland, College Park
University of Kansas
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
TU Dortmund University
Uppsala University
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Georgia Institute of Technology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

We report on the observation of a deficit in the cosmic ray flux from the directions of the Moon and Sun with five years of data taken by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Between 2010 May and 2011 May the IceCube detector operated with 79 strings deployed in the glacial ice at the South Pole, and with 86 strings between 2011 May and 2015 May. A binned analysis is used to measure the relative deficit and significance of the cosmic ray shadows. Both the cosmic ray Moon and Sun shadows are detected with high statistical significance (>10σ) for each year. The results for the Moon shadow are consistent with previous analyses and verify the stability of the IceCube detector over time. This work represents the first observation of the Sun shadow with the IceCube detector. We show that the cosmic ray shadow of the Sun varies with time. These results make it possible to study cosmic ray transport near the Sun with future data from IceCube.

Original language	English
Article number	133
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	872
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaffd1
State	Published - 2019

Keywords

ISM: magnetic fields
Moon
Sun: activity
cosmic rays
sunspots

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10.3847/1538-4357/aaffd1

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@article{1ebc2defc0694452836589b1f4281d93,

title = "Detection of the Temporal Variation of the Sun's Cosmic Ray Shadow with the IceCube Detector",

abstract = "We report on the observation of a deficit in the cosmic ray flux from the directions of the Moon and Sun with five years of data taken by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Between 2010 May and 2011 May the IceCube detector operated with 79 strings deployed in the glacial ice at the South Pole, and with 86 strings between 2011 May and 2015 May. A binned analysis is used to measure the relative deficit and significance of the cosmic ray shadows. Both the cosmic ray Moon and Sun shadows are detected with high statistical significance (>10σ) for each year. The results for the Moon shadow are consistent with previous analyses and verify the stability of the IceCube detector over time. This work represents the first observation of the Sun shadow with the IceCube detector. We show that the cosmic ray shadow of the Sun varies with time. These results make it possible to study cosmic ray transport near the Sun with future data from IceCube.",

keywords = "ISM: magnetic fields, Moon, Sun: activity, cosmic rays, sunspots",

author = "\{Icecube Collaboration\} and Aartsen, \{M. G.\} and M. Ackermann and J. Adams and Aguilar, \{J. A.\} and M. Ahlers and M. Ahrens and D. Altmann and K. Andeen and T. Anderson and I. Ansseau and G. Anton and C. Arg{\"u}elles and J. Auffenberg and S. Axani and P. Backes and H. Bagherpour and X. Bai and A. Barbano and Barron, \{J. P.\} and Barwick, \{S. W.\} and V. Baum and R. Bay and Beatty, \{J. J.\} and \{Becker Tjus\}, J. and Becker, \{K. H.\} and S. Benzvi and D. Berley and E. Bernardini and Besson, \{D. Z.\} and G. Binder and D. Bindig and E. Blaufuss and S. Blot and C. Bohm and M. B{\"o}rner and F. Bos and S. B{\"o}ser and O. Botner and E. Bourbeau and J. Bourbeau and F. Bradascio and J. Braun and Bretz, \{H. P.\} and S. Bron and J. Brostean-Kaiser and A. Burgman and Busse, \{R. S.\} and T. Carver and C. Chen and J. Kiryluk",

year = "2019",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/aaffd1",

language = "English",

volume = "872",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

number = "2",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Detection of the Temporal Variation of the Sun's Cosmic Ray Shadow with the IceCube Detector

AU - Icecube Collaboration

AU - Aartsen, M. G.

AU - Ackermann, M.

AU - Adams, J.

AU - Aguilar, J. A.

AU - Ahlers, M.

AU - Ahrens, M.

AU - Altmann, D.

AU - Andeen, K.

AU - Anderson, T.

AU - Ansseau, I.

AU - Anton, G.

AU - Argüelles, C.

AU - Auffenberg, J.

AU - Axani, S.

AU - Backes, P.

AU - Bagherpour, H.

AU - Bai, X.

AU - Barbano, A.

AU - Barron, J. P.

AU - Barwick, S. W.

AU - Baum, V.

AU - Bay, R.

AU - Beatty, J. J.

AU - Becker Tjus, J.

AU - Becker, K. H.

AU - Benzvi, S.

AU - Berley, D.

AU - Bernardini, E.

AU - Besson, D. Z.

AU - Binder, G.

AU - Bindig, D.

AU - Blaufuss, E.

AU - Blot, S.

AU - Bohm, C.

AU - Börner, M.

AU - Bos, F.

AU - Böser, S.

AU - Botner, O.

AU - Bourbeau, E.

AU - Bourbeau, J.

AU - Bradascio, F.

AU - Braun, J.

AU - Bretz, H. P.

AU - Bron, S.

AU - Brostean-Kaiser, J.

AU - Burgman, A.

AU - Busse, R. S.

AU - Carver, T.

AU - Chen, C.

AU - Kiryluk, J.

PY - 2019

Y1 - 2019

N2 - We report on the observation of a deficit in the cosmic ray flux from the directions of the Moon and Sun with five years of data taken by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Between 2010 May and 2011 May the IceCube detector operated with 79 strings deployed in the glacial ice at the South Pole, and with 86 strings between 2011 May and 2015 May. A binned analysis is used to measure the relative deficit and significance of the cosmic ray shadows. Both the cosmic ray Moon and Sun shadows are detected with high statistical significance (>10σ) for each year. The results for the Moon shadow are consistent with previous analyses and verify the stability of the IceCube detector over time. This work represents the first observation of the Sun shadow with the IceCube detector. We show that the cosmic ray shadow of the Sun varies with time. These results make it possible to study cosmic ray transport near the Sun with future data from IceCube.

AB - We report on the observation of a deficit in the cosmic ray flux from the directions of the Moon and Sun with five years of data taken by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Between 2010 May and 2011 May the IceCube detector operated with 79 strings deployed in the glacial ice at the South Pole, and with 86 strings between 2011 May and 2015 May. A binned analysis is used to measure the relative deficit and significance of the cosmic ray shadows. Both the cosmic ray Moon and Sun shadows are detected with high statistical significance (>10σ) for each year. The results for the Moon shadow are consistent with previous analyses and verify the stability of the IceCube detector over time. This work represents the first observation of the Sun shadow with the IceCube detector. We show that the cosmic ray shadow of the Sun varies with time. These results make it possible to study cosmic ray transport near the Sun with future data from IceCube.

KW - ISM: magnetic fields

KW - Moon

KW - Sun: activity

KW - cosmic rays

KW - sunspots

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85063446230

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/aaffd1

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/aaffd1

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85063446230

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 872

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 2

M1 - 133

ER -

Detection of the Temporal Variation of the Sun's Cosmic Ray Shadow with the IceCube Detector

Abstract

Keywords

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