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Development of a general analysis and unfolding scheme and its application to measure the energy spectrum of atmospheric neutrinos with IceCube: IceCube Collaboration

  • M. G. Aartsen
  • , M. Ackermann
  • , J. Adams
  • , J. A. Aguilar
  • , M. Ahlers
  • , M. Ahrens
  • , D. Altmann
  • , T. Anderson
  • , C. Arguelles
  • , T. C. Arlen
  • , J. Auffenberg
  • , X. Bai
  • , S. W. Barwick
  • , V. Baum
  • , J. J. Beatty
  • , J. Becker Tjus
  • , K. H. Becker
  • , S. BenZvi
  • , P. Berghaus
  • , D. Berley
  • E. Bernardini, A. Bernhard, D. Z. Besson, G. Binder, D. Bindig, M. Bissok, E. Blaufuss, J. Blumenthal, D. J. Boersma, C. Bohm, F. Bos, D. Bose, S. Böser, O. Botner, L. Brayeur, H. P. Bretz, A. M. Brown, J. Casey, M. Casier, E. Cheung, D. Chirkin, A. Christov, B. Christy, K. Clark, L. Classen, F. Clevermann, S. Coenders, D. F. Cowen, A. H. Cruz Silva, M. Danninger, J. Daughhetee, J. C. Davis, M. Day, J. P.A.M. de André, C. De Clercq, S. De Ridder, P. Desiati, K. D. de Vries, M. de With, T. DeYoung, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, M. Dunkman, R. Eagan, B. Eberhardt, B. Eichmann, J. Eisch, S. Euler, P. A. Evenson, O. Fadiran, A. R. Fazely, A. Fedynitch, J. Feintzeig, J. Felde, T. Feusels, K. Filimonov, C. Finley, T. Fischer-Wasels, S. Flis, A. Franckowiak, K. Frantzen, T. Fuchs, T. K. Gaisser, R. Gaior, J. Gallagher, L. Gerhardt, D. Gier, L. Gladstone, T. Glüsenkamp, A. Goldschmidt, G. Golup, J. G. Gonzalez, J. A. Goodman, D. Góra, D. Grant, P. Gretskov, J. C. Groh, A. Groß, C. Ha, C. Haack, A. Haj Ismail, P. Hallen, A. Hallgren, F. Halzen, K. Hanson, D. Hebecker, D. Heereman, D. Heinen, K. Helbing, R. Hellauer, D. Hellwig, S. Hickford, G. C. Hill, K. D. Hoffman, R. Hoffmann, A. Homeier, K. Hoshina, F. Huang, W. Huelsnitz, P. O. Hulth, K. Hultqvist, S. Hussain, A. Ishihara, E. Jacobi, J. Jacobsen, K. Jagielski, G. S. Japaridze, K. Jero, O. Jlelati, M. Jurkovic, B. Kaminsky, A. Kappes, T. Karg, A. Karle, M. Kauer, A. Keivani, J. L. Kelley, A. Kheirandish, J. Kiryluk, J. Kläs, S. R. Klein, J. H. Köhne, G. Kohnen, H. Kolanoski, A. Koob, L. Köpke, C. Kopper, S. Kopper, D. J. Koskinen, M. Kowalski, A. Kriesten, K. Krings, G. Kroll, M. Kroll, J. Kunnen, N. Kurahashi, T. Kuwabara, M. Labare, D. T. Larsen, M. J. Larson, M. Lesiak-Bzdak, M. Leuermann, J. Leute, J. Lünemann, J. Madsen, G. Maggi, R. Maruyama, K. Mase, H. S. Matis, R. Maunu, F. McNally, K. Meagher, M. Medici, A. Meli, T. Meures, S. Miarecki, E. Middell, E. Middlemas, N. Milke, J. Miller, L. Mohrmann, T. Montaruli, R. Morse, R. Nahnhauer, U. Naumann, H. Niederhausen, S. C. Nowicki, D. R. Nygren, A. Obertacke, S. Odrowski, A. Olivas, A. Omairat, A. O’Murchadha, T. Palczewski, L. Paul, Penek, J. A. Pepper, C. Pérez de los Heros, C. Pfendner, D. Pieloth, E. Pinat, J. Posselt, P. B. Price, G. T. Przybylski, J. Pütz, M. Quinnan, L. Rädel, M. Rameez, K. Rawlins, P. Redl, I. Rees, R. Reimann, M. Relich, E. Resconi, W. Rhode, M. Richman, B. Riedel, S. Robertson, J. P. Rodrigues, M. Rongen, C. Rott, T. Ruhe, B. Ruzybayev, D. Ryckbosch, S. M. Saba, H. G. Sander, J. Sandroos, M. Santander, S. Sarkar, K. Schatto, F. Scheriau, T. Schmidt, M. Schmitz, S. Schoenen, S. Schöneberg, A. Schönwald, A. Schukraft, L. Schulte, O. Schulz, D. Seckel, Y. Sestayo, S. Seunarine, R. Shanidze, M. W.E. Smith, D. Soldin, G. M. Spiczak, C. Spiering, M. Stamatikos, T. Stanev, N. A. Stanisha, A. Stasik, T. Stezelberger, R. G. Stokstad, A. Stößl, E. A. Strahler, R. Ström, N. L. Strotjohann, G. W. Sullivan, H. Taavola, I. Taboada, A. Tamburro, A. Tepe, S. Ter-Antonyan, A. Terliuk, G. Tešić, S. Tilav, P. A. Toale, M. N. Tobin, D. Tosi, M. Tselengidou, E. Unger, M. Usner, S. Vallecorsa, N. van Eijndhoven, J. Vandenbroucke, J. van Santen, M. Vehring, M. Voge, M. Vraeghe, C. Walck, M. Wallraff, Ch Weaver, M. Wellons, C. Wendt, S. Westerhoff, B. J. Whelan, N. Whitehorn, C. Wichary, K. Wiebe, C. H. Wiebusch, D. R. Williams, H. Wissing, M. Wolf, T. R. Wood, K. Woschnagg, D. L. Xu, X. W. Xu, J. P. Yanez, G. Yodh, S. Yoshida, P. Zarzhitsky, J. Ziemann, S. Zierke, M. Zoll, K. Morik
  • Adelaide University
  • German Electron Synchrotron
  • University of Canterbury
  • University of Geneva
  • University of Wisconsin-Madison
  • Stockholm University
  • Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg
  • Pennsylvania State University
  • RWTH Aachen University
  • South Dakota School of Mines & Technology
  • University of California at Irvine
  • Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
  • Ohio State University
  • Ruhr University Bochum
  • University of Wuppertal
  • University of Maryland, College Park
  • Technical University of Munich
  • University of Kansas
  • University of California at Berkeley
  • Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  • Uppsala University
  • Sungkyunkwan University
  • University of Bonn
  • Vrije Universiteit Brussel
  • Georgia Institute of Technology
  • University of Toronto
  • TU Dortmund University
  • Ghent University
  • Humboldt University of Berlin
  • University of Delaware
  • Southern University and A&M College
  • Chiba University
  • University of Alberta
  • Université libre de Bruxelles
  • Clark Atlanta University
  • Universite de Mons
  • University of Copenhagen
  • Stony Brook University
  • University of Wisconsin-River Falls
  • University of Alabama
  • University of Alaska Anchorage
  • University of Oxford

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

55 Scopus citations

Abstract

We present the development and application of a generic analysis scheme for the measurement of neutrino spectra with the IceCube detector. This scheme is based on regularized unfolding, preceded by an event selection which uses a Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance algorithm to select the relevant variables and a random forest for the classification of events. The analysis has been developed using IceCube data from the 59-string configuration of the detector. 27,771 neutrino candidates were detected in 346 days of livetime. A rejection of 99.9999 % of the atmospheric muon background is achieved. The energy spectrum of the atmospheric neutrino flux is obtained using the TRUEE unfolding program. The unfolded spectrum of atmospheric muon neutrinos covers an energy range from 100 GeV to 1 PeV. Compared to the previous measurement using the detector in the 40-string configuration, the analysis presented here, extends the upper end of the atmospheric neutrino spectrum by more than a factor of two, reaching an energy region that has not been previously accessed by spectral measurements.

Original languageEnglish
Article number116
JournalEuropean Physical Journal C
Volume75
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - 2015

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