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Energy dependence of moments of net-proton multiplicity distributions at RHIC

  • L. Adamczyk
  • , J. K. Adkins
  • , G. Agakishiev
  • , M. M. Aggarwal
  • , Z. Ahammed
  • , I. Alekseev
  • , J. Alford
  • , C. D. Anson
  • , A. Aparin
  • , D. Arkhipkin
  • , E. C. Aschenauer
  • , G. S. Averichev
  • , J. Balewski
  • , A. Banerjee
  • , Z. Barnovska
  • , D. R. Beavis
  • , R. Bellwied
  • , A. Bhasin
  • , A. K. Bhati
  • , P. Bhattarai
  • H. Bichsel, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, L. C. Bland, I. G. Bordyuzhin, W. Borowski, J. Bouchet, A. V. Brandin, S. G. Brovko, S. Bültmann, I. Bunzarov, T. P. Burton, J. Butterworth, H. Caines, M. Calderón De La Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, R. Cendejas, M. C. Cervantes, P. Chaloupka, Z. Chang, S. Chattopadhyay, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, L. Chen, J. Cheng, M. Cherney, A. Chikanian, W. Christie, J. Chwastowski, M. J.M. Codrington, R. Corliss, J. G. Cramer, H. J. Crawford, X. Cui, S. Das, A. Davila Leyva, L. C. De Silva, R. R. Debbe, T. G. Dedovich, J. Deng, A. A. Derevschikov, R. Derradi De Souza, S. Dhamija, B. Di Ruzza, L. Didenko, C. Dilks, F. Ding, P. Djawotho, X. Dong, J. L. Drachenberg, J. E. Draper, C. M. Du, L. E. Dunkelberger, J. C. Dunlop, L. G. Efimov, J. Engelage, K. S. Engle, G. Eppley, L. Eun, O. Evdokimov, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, J. Fedorisin, P. Filip, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, C. E. Flores, C. A. Gagliardi, D. R. Gangadharan, D. Garand, F. Geurts, A. Gibson, M. Girard, S. Gliske, D. Grosnick, Y. Guo, A. Gupta, S. Gupta, W. Guryn, B. Haag, O. Hajkova, A. Hamed, L. X. Han, R. Haque, J. W. Harris, J. P. Hays-Wehle, S. Heppelmann, A. Hirsch, G. W. Hoffmann, D. J. Hofman, S. Horvat, B. Huang, H. Z. Huang, P. Huck, T. J. Humanic, G. Igo, W. W. Jacobs, H. Jang, E. G. Judd, S. Kabana, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, K. Kauder, H. W. Ke, D. Keane, A. Kechechyan, A. Kesich, Z. H. Khan, D. P. Kikola, I. Kisel, A. Kisiel, D. D. Koetke, T. Kollegger, J. Konzer, I. Koralt, W. Korsch, L. Kotchenda, P. Kravtsov, K. Krueger, I. Kulakov, L. Kumar, R. A. Kycia, M. A.C. Lamont, J. M. Landgraf, K. D. Landry, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, R. Lednicky, J. H. Lee, W. Leight, M. J. Levine, C. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. M. Li, L. M. Lima, M. A. Lisa, F. Liu, T. Ljubicic, W. J. Llope, R. S. Longacre, X. Luo, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Ma, D. M.M.D. Madagodagettige Don, D. P. Mahapatra, R. Majka, S. Margetis, C. Markert, H. Masui, H. S. Matis, D. McDonald, T. S. McShane, N. G. Minaev, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, M. M. Mondal, D. A. Morozov, M. G. Munhoz, M. K. Mustafa, B. K. Nandi, Md Nasim, T. K. Nayak, J. M. Nelson, L. V. Nogach, S. Y. Noh, J. Novak, S. B. Nurushev, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, K. Oh, A. Ohlson, V. Okorokov, E. W. Oldag, R. A.N. Oliveira, M. Pachr, B. S. Page, S. K. Pal, Y. X. Pan, Y. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, T. Pawlak, B. Pawlik, H. Pei, C. Perkins, W. Peryt, A. Peterson, P. Pile, M. Planinic, J. Pluta, D. Plyku, N. Poljak, J. Porter, A. M. Poskanzer, N. K. Pruthi, M. Przybycien, P. R. Pujahari, J. Putschke, H. Qiu, A. Quintero, S. Ramachandran, R. Raniwala, S. Raniwala, R. L. Ray, C. K. Riley, H. G. Ritter, J. B. Roberts, O. V. Rogachevskiy, J. L. Romero, J. F. Ross, A. Roy, L. Ruan, J. Rusnak, N. R. Sahoo, P. K. Sahu, I. Sakrejda, S. Salur, A. Sandacz, J. Sandweiss, E. Sangaline, A. Sarkar, J. Schambach, R. P. Scharenberg, A. M. Schmah, W. B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, J. Seger, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, E. Shahaliev, P. V. Shanmuganathan, M. Shao, B. Sharma, W. Q. Shen, S. S. Shi, Q. Y. Shou, E. P. Sichtermann, R. N. Singaraju, M. J. Skoby, D. Smirnov, N. Smirnov, D. Solanki, P. Sorensen, U. G. Desouza, H. M. Spinka, B. Srivastava, T. D.S. Stanislaus, J. R. Stevens, R. Stock, M. Strikhanov, B. Stringfellow, A. A.P. Suaide, M. Sumbera, X. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Sun, B. Surrow, D. N. Svirida, T. J.M. Symons, A. Szanto De Toledo, J. Takahashi, A. H. Tang, Z. Tang, T. Tarnowsky, J. H. Thomas, A. R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, M. Tokarev, S. Trentalange, R. E. Tribble, P. Tribedy, B. A. Trzeciak, O. D. Tsai, J. Turnau, T. Ullrich, D. G. Underwood, G. Van Buren, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, J. A. Vanfossen, R. Varma, G. M.S. Vasconcelos, A. N. Vasiliev, R. Vertesi, F. Videbæk, Y. P. Viyogi, S. Vokal, S. A. Voloshin, A. Vossen, M. Wada, M. Walker, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Wang, G. Webb, J. C. Webb, G. D. Westfall, H. Wieman, S. W. Wissink, R. Witt, Y. F. Wu, Z. Xiao, W. Xie, K. Xin, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, W. Yan, C. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, P. Yepes, L. Yi, K. Yip, I. K. Yoo, Y. Zawisza, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, J. B. Zhang, S. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhang, F. Zhao, J. Zhao, C. Zhong, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zhu, Y. Zoulkarneeva, M. Zyzak
  • AGH University of Krakow
  • University of Kentucky
  • Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
  • Panjab University
  • Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre India
  • Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics
  • Kent State University
  • Ohio State University
  • Brookhaven National Laboratory
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  • Czech Academy of Sciences
  • University of Houston
  • University of Jammu
  • University of Texas at Austin
  • University of Washington
  • Czech Technical University in Prague
  • SUBATECH
  • Moscow Engineering Physics Institute
  • University of California at Davis
  • Old Dominion University
  • Rice University
  • Yale University
  • Pennsylvania State University
  • Texas A&M University
  • University of Science and Technology of China
  • Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • Central China Normal University
  • Tsinghua University
  • Creighton University
  • Cracow University of Technology
  • University of California at Berkeley
  • Institute of Physics Bhubaneswar
  • Shandong University
  • Institute for High Energy Physics
  • Universidade Estadual de Campinas
  • Indiana University Bloomington
  • Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  • Valparaiso University
  • CAS - Institute of Modern Physics
  • University of California at Los Angeles
  • United States Naval Academy
  • University of Illinois at Chicago
  • Purdue University
  • Warsaw University of Technology
  • Argonne National Laboratory
  • National Institute of Science Education and Research
  • Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information
  • Goethe University Frankfurt
  • Temple University
  • Universidade de São Paulo
  • Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
  • University of Birmingham
  • Michigan State University
  • Pusan National University
  • Institute of Nuclear Physics
  • University of Zagreb
  • Wayne State University
  • University of Rajasthan
  • Max Planck Institute for Physics (Werner Heisenberg Institute)

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

497 Scopus citations

Abstract

We report the beam energy (sNN=7.7-200 GeV) and collision centrality dependence of the mean (M), standard deviation (σ), skewness (S), and kurtosis (κ) of the net-proton multiplicity distributions in Au+Au collisions. The measurements are carried out by the STAR experiment at midrapidity (|y|<0.5) and within the transverse momentum range 0.4<pT<0.8 GeV/c in the first phase of the Beam Energy Scan program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. These measurements are important for understanding the quantum chromodynamic phase diagram. The products of the moments, Sσ and κσ2, are sensitive to the correlation length of the hot and dense medium created in the collisions and are related to the ratios of baryon number susceptibilities of corresponding orders. The products of moments are found to have values significantly below the Skellam expectation and close to expectations based on independent proton and antiproton production. The measurements are compared to a transport model calculation to understand the effect of acceptance and baryon number conservation and also to a hadron resonance gas model.

Original languageEnglish
Article number032302
JournalPhysical Review Letters
Volume112
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 23 2014

Keywords

  • 12.38.Mh
  • 25.75.-q
  • 25.75.Gz

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