Generalized Microgrid Power Flow

Power flow analysis for islanded microgrid is a challenging problem due to the lack of means to incorporate the hierarchical control effect. This letter bridges the gap by devising a generalized microgrid power flow (GMPF). The novelty of GMPF includes: 1) it introduces the generalized distributed generator (DG) bus and the adaptive swing bus to model the DGs' behaviors; 2) the droop-based power flow is used to initialize the secondary control adjustment; and 3) three types of secondary control modes are developed within a double loop framework. Test results validate the effectiveness and excellent convergence performance of GMPF.