Incremental direct healthcare expenditures of valvular heart disease in the USA

Aim: To quantify the healthcare expenditures for valvular heart disease (VHD) in the USA. Patients & methods: Direct annual incremental healthcare expenditures were estimated using multiple logistic and linear regression models. Results were stratified by age cohorts (18-64 years, ≥65 and ≥75 years) and disease status: symptomatic aortic valve disease (AVD), asymptomatic AVD, symptomatic mitral valve disease (MVD) and asymptomatic MVD. Results: A total of 1463 VHD patients were identified. The overall aggregated incremental direct expenditures were $56.62 billion ($26.48 billion for patients ≥75 years). Individuals ≥75 years with symptomatic AVD had the largest incremental effect on annual, per-patient healthcare expenditure of $30,949. The annualized incremental costs of VHD were greatest for individuals ≥75 years with AVD. Conclusion: Identification of VHD at an earlier stage may reduce the economic burden.