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Measuring the Astrophysical Galactic Plane Neutrino Flux and Searching for Galactic PeVatrons using the IceCube Multi-Flavor Astrophysical Neutrino Sample

  • Icecube Collaboration
  • University of Delaware
  • RWTH Aachen University
  • Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
  • Adelaide University
  • Loyola University Chicago
  • German Electron Synchrotron
  • University of Canterbury
  • University of Wisconsin-Madison
  • Université libre de Bruxelles
  • University of Copenhagen
  • TU Dortmund University
  • University of Kansas
  • Marquette University
  • Harvard University
  • University of Utah
  • Michigan State University
  • South Dakota School of Mines & Technology
  • University of California at Irvine
  • Technical University of Munich
  • University of California at Berkeley
  • Ohio State University
  • Ruhr University Bochum
  • Uppsala University
  • University of Rochester
  • University of Maryland, College Park
  • University of Padua
  • University of Alabama
  • Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
  • Georgia Institute of Technology
  • Queen's University Kingston

Research output: Contribution to journalConference articlepeer-review

Abstract

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has provided new insights into the high-energy universe, in particular, unveiling neutrinos from the galactic plane. However, galactic neutrino sources are still unresolved. The recent detection of multi-PeV photons by LHAASO from the Cygnus region highlights its potential as a galactic neutrino source. Additionally, LHAASO, HAWC, and HESS have reported over forty galactic gamma-ray sources with energies above 100 TeV. Detecting neutrinos correlated with high-energy gamma-ray sources would provide compelling evidence of cosmic-ray acceleration in these galactic sources. In this work, we compile a 12.3-year, full-sky, all-flavor dataset, the IceCube Multi-Flavor Astrophysics Neutrino sample (ICEMAN). ICEMAN is the combination of three largely independent neutrino samples of different event morphologies and builds upon the previous work of the DNN-based cascade sample, Enhanced Starting Track Event Selection, and the Northern Track sample. Recent improvements in ice modeling and detector calibration are also incorporated into the cascade reconstruction. In addition to revisiting the galactic plane, we adopt two different analysis methods to search for galactic PeVatrons. First, we use a template-based approach to probe the Cygnus Cocoon region. Second, we use a point source hypothesis to find correlations between IceCube neutrinos and gamma-ray sources detected at energies greater than 100 TeV.

Original languageEnglish
Article number1193
JournalProceedings of Science
Volume501
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 30 2025
Event39th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2025 - Geneva, Switzerland
Duration: Jul 15 2025Jul 24 2025

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