TY - GEN
T1 - Modeling Gliding-based Target Selection for Blind Touchscreen Users
AU - Ko, Yu Jung
AU - Putkonen, Aini
AU - Aydin, Ali Selman
AU - Feiz, Shirin
AU - Wang, Yuheng
AU - Ashok, Vikas
AU - Ramakrishnan, I. V.
AU - Oulasvirta, Antti
AU - Bi, Xiaojun
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 ACM.
PY - 2021/9/27
Y1 - 2021/9/27
N2 - Gliding a finger on touchscreen to reach a target, that is, touch exploration, is a common selection method of blind screen-reader users. This paper investigates their gliding behavior and presents a model for their motor performance. We discovered that the gliding trajectories of blind people are a mixture of two strategies: 1) ballistic movements with iterative corrections relying on non-visual feedback, and 2) multiple sub-movements separated by stops, and concatenated until the target is reached. Based on this finding, we propose the mixture pointing model, a model that relates movement time to distance and width of the target. The model outperforms extant models, improving R2 from 0.65 for Fitts' law to 0.76, and is superior in cross-validation and information criteria. The model advances understanding of gliding-based target selection and serves as a tool for designing interface layouts for screen-reader based touch exploration.
AB - Gliding a finger on touchscreen to reach a target, that is, touch exploration, is a common selection method of blind screen-reader users. This paper investigates their gliding behavior and presents a model for their motor performance. We discovered that the gliding trajectories of blind people are a mixture of two strategies: 1) ballistic movements with iterative corrections relying on non-visual feedback, and 2) multiple sub-movements separated by stops, and concatenated until the target is reached. Based on this finding, we propose the mixture pointing model, a model that relates movement time to distance and width of the target. The model outperforms extant models, improving R2 from 0.65 for Fitts' law to 0.76, and is superior in cross-validation and information criteria. The model advances understanding of gliding-based target selection and serves as a tool for designing interface layouts for screen-reader based touch exploration.
KW - accessibility
KW - gliding-based target selection
KW - pointing
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85117312202
U2 - 10.1145/3447526.3472022
DO - 10.1145/3447526.3472022
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85117312202
T3 - Proceedings of MobileHCI 2021 - ACM International Conference on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction: Mobile Apart, MobileTogether
BT - Proceedings of MobileHCI 2021 - ACM International Conference on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction
PB - Association for Computing Machinery, Inc
T2 - 23rd ACM International Conference on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction: Mobile Apart, MobileTogether - Extended Abstracts, MobileHCI 2021
Y2 - 27 September 2021 through 1 October 2021
ER -