Modeling Techniques for VSC-Based HVDC Offshore Wind Farms: A Comparative Evaluation

Offshore wind energy is rapidly expanding because of its ability to harness strong, consistent wind resources. However, as large-scale offshore wind farms (OWFs) grow, modeling these farms becomes increasingly complex due to intricate network configurations, a rising number of turbines, and advanced control strategies. This paper conducts a simulation-based comparative analysis of three modeling techniques-detailed, average, and phasor modeling (PM)-for Voltage Source Converter (VSC)-based High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) offshore wind farms. The study uses a MATLAB/Simulink model of a VSC-based HVDC OWF as a case study to evaluate these modeling techniques. Each approach offers distinct advantages and trade-offs regarding computational complexity, accuracy, and simulation speed. By evaluating these methods, the analysis reveals their appropriateness for OWF assessments, aiding in the enhancement of design, operation, and grid integration for large-scale OWFs.