Multiplicity distributions in p + p, p + A, and A + A collisions from Yang-Mills dynamics

We compute transverse-momentum and momentum-integrated multiplicity distributions consistently in the IP-Glasma model for proton-proton and proton-lead collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), in deuteron-gold collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), and in heavy-ion collisions at both RHIC and LHC energies. Several sources of subnucleon-scale contributions to the multiplicity distributions are identified. Our results, which are constrained by inclusive and diffractive deeply inelastic scattering data from the Hadron-Electron Ring Accelerator at DESY, are compared to measured distributions for a range of collision energies. These results are an essential first step in quantifying the relative role of initial- and final-state effects on multiparticle correlations in light- and heavy-ion collisions.