Numerical modeling of flow through porous fabric surface in parachute simulation

Researchers present a distinct numerical study on the aerodynamic interactions of a porous fabric surface using the front tracking method, which is an explicit interface tracking method, combined with the ghost fluid method (GFM). The front tracking method was originally designed for the study of fluid interface instabilities. The surrounding airflow is described by the incompressible Navier�Stokes equations and numerically solved by the projection method, which is coupled to the Ergun equation by imposing a pressure drop boundary condition at the interface. The researchers also introduce the governing equations and the corresponding boundary conditions.