Open ocean fisheries for large pelagic species

Pelagic fisheries extend across all basins of the world’s oceans, exploiting a range of species from forage fish to apex predators. This article begins with a review of the common large pelagic species targeted by open ocean fisheries including tuna, billfish, and sharks. The common fishing gears used by commercial and recreational pelagic fisheries are then summarized. The history of exploitation and recent catch estimates are explained for commonly targeted large pelagic species, along with a review of how large pelagic species are utilized after capture. Finally, emerging issues and management attempts are brought to light, in hope of conserving sustainable pelagic fish populations in future years.