TY - JOUR
T1 - Opium use and risk of lung cancer
T2 - A multicenter case-control study in Iran
AU - Rashidian, Hamideh
AU - Hadji, Maryam
AU - Gholipour, Mahin
AU - Naghibzadeh-Tahami, Ahmad
AU - Marzban, Maryam
AU - Mohebbi, Elham
AU - Safari-Faramani, Roya
AU - Bakhshi, Mahdieh
AU - Sadat Seyyedsalehi, Monireh
AU - Hosseini, Bayan
AU - Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza
AU - Emami, Habib
AU - Haghdoost, Ali Akbar
AU - Rezaianzadeh, Abbas
AU - Moradi, Abdolvahab
AU - Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza
AU - Nejatizadeh, Azim
AU - ShahidSales, Soodabeh
AU - Rezvani, Alireza
AU - Larizadeh, Mohammad Hasan
AU - Najafi, Farid
AU - Poustchi, Hossein
AU - Mohagheghi, Mohammad Ali
AU - Brennan, Paul
AU - Weiderpass, Elisabete
AU - Schüz, Joachim
AU - Pukkala, Eero
AU - Freedman, Neal D.
AU - Boffetta, Paolo
AU - Malekzadeh, Reza
AU - Etemadi, Arash
AU - Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin
AU - Kamangar, Farin
AU - Zendehdel, Kazem
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 UICC.
PY - 2023/1/15
Y1 - 2023/1/15
N2 - Opium use was recently classified as a human carcinogen for lung cancer by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. We conducted a large, multicenter case-control study evaluating the association between opium use and the risk of lung cancer. We recruited 627 cases and 3477 controls from May 2017 to July 2020. We used unconditional logistic regression analyses to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) and measured the association between opium use and the risk of lung cancer. The ORs were adjusted for the residential place, age, gender, socioeconomic status, cigarettes, and water pipe smoking. We found a 3.6-fold risk of lung cancer for regular opium users compared to never users (95% CI: 2.9, 4.6). There was a strong dose-response association between a cumulative count of opium use and lung cancer risk. The OR for regular opium use was higher for small cell carcinoma than in other histology (8.3, 95% CI: 4.8, 14.4). The OR of developing lung cancer among opium users was higher in females (7.4, 95% CI: 3.8, 14.5) than in males (3.3, 95% CI: 2.6, 4.2). The OR for users of both opium and tobacco was 13.4 (95% CI: 10.2, 17.7) compared to nonusers of anything. The risk of developing lung cancer is higher in regular opium users, and these results strengthen the conclusions on the carcinogenicity of opium. The association is stronger for small cell carcinoma cases than in other histology.
AB - Opium use was recently classified as a human carcinogen for lung cancer by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. We conducted a large, multicenter case-control study evaluating the association between opium use and the risk of lung cancer. We recruited 627 cases and 3477 controls from May 2017 to July 2020. We used unconditional logistic regression analyses to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) and measured the association between opium use and the risk of lung cancer. The ORs were adjusted for the residential place, age, gender, socioeconomic status, cigarettes, and water pipe smoking. We found a 3.6-fold risk of lung cancer for regular opium users compared to never users (95% CI: 2.9, 4.6). There was a strong dose-response association between a cumulative count of opium use and lung cancer risk. The OR for regular opium use was higher for small cell carcinoma than in other histology (8.3, 95% CI: 4.8, 14.4). The OR of developing lung cancer among opium users was higher in females (7.4, 95% CI: 3.8, 14.5) than in males (3.3, 95% CI: 2.6, 4.2). The OR for users of both opium and tobacco was 13.4 (95% CI: 10.2, 17.7) compared to nonusers of anything. The risk of developing lung cancer is higher in regular opium users, and these results strengthen the conclusions on the carcinogenicity of opium. The association is stronger for small cell carcinoma cases than in other histology.
KW - Iran
KW - adenocarcinoma
KW - lung cancer
KW - opiate
KW - opium
KW - small cell
KW - squamous cell
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85137325965
U2 - 10.1002/ijc.34244
DO - 10.1002/ijc.34244
M3 - Article
C2 - 36043555
AN - SCOPUS:85137325965
SN - 0020-7136
VL - 152
SP - 203
EP - 213
JO - International Journal of Cancer
JF - International Journal of Cancer
IS - 2
ER -