Performance of the D-Egg Optical Sensor for the IceCube Upgrade

The IceCube Collaboration

Performance of the D-Egg Optical Sensor for the IceCube Upgrade

The IceCube Collaboration

Physics and Astronomy

Chiba University
Pennsylvania State University
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Loyola University Chicago
German Electron Synchrotron
University of Canterbury
Université libre de Bruxelles
University of Copenhagen
Oskar Klein Centre
University of Geneva
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
University of Delaware
Harvard University
Marquette University
Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
South Dakota School of Mines & Technology
University of California at Irvine
University of California at Berkeley
Ohio State University
University of Wuppertal
Ruhr University Bochum
Technical University of Munich
University of Rochester
University of Maryland, College Park
University of Padua
University of Kansas
Moscow Engineering Physics Institute
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
RWTH Aachen University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Conference article › peer-review

Abstract

New optical sensors called the “D-Egg” have been developed for cost-effective instrumentation for the IceCube Upgrade. With two 8-inch high quantum efficient photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), they offer increased effective photocathode area while retaining as much of the successful IceCube Digital Optical Module design as possible. Mass production of D-Eggs has started in 2020. By the end of 2021, there will be 310 D-Eggs produced with 288 deployed in the IceCube Upgrade. The D-Egg readout system uses advanced technologies in electronics and computing power. Each of the two PMT signals is digitised using ultra-low-power 14-bit ADCs with a sampling frequency of 240 MSPS, enabling seamless and lossless event recording from single-photon signals to signals exceeding 200 PE within 10 ns, as well as flexible event triggering. In this paper, we report the single photon detection performance as well as the multiple photon recording capability of D-Eggs from the mass production line which have been evaluated with the built-in data acquisition system.

Original language	English
Article number	1042
Journal	Proceedings of Science
Volume	395
State	Published - Mar 18 2022
Event	37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021 - Virtual, Berlin, Germany Duration: Jul 12 2021 → Jul 23 2021

Cite this

@article{22c12d03bdfd412a8b9eec3c9278b56d,

title = "Performance of the D-Egg Optical Sensor for the IceCube Upgrade",

abstract = "New optical sensors called the {\textquotedblleft}D-Egg{\textquotedblright} have been developed for cost-effective instrumentation for the IceCube Upgrade. With two 8-inch high quantum efficient photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), they offer increased effective photocathode area while retaining as much of the successful IceCube Digital Optical Module design as possible. Mass production of D-Eggs has started in 2020. By the end of 2021, there will be 310 D-Eggs produced with 288 deployed in the IceCube Upgrade. The D-Egg readout system uses advanced technologies in electronics and computing power. Each of the two PMT signals is digitised using ultra-low-power 14-bit ADCs with a sampling frequency of 240 MSPS, enabling seamless and lossless event recording from single-photon signals to signals exceeding 200 PE within 10 ns, as well as flexible event triggering. In this paper, we report the single photon detection performance as well as the multiple photon recording capability of D-Eggs from the mass production line which have been evaluated with the built-in data acquisition system.",

author = "\{The IceCube Collaboration\} and Colton Hill and Maximillian Meier and Ryo Nagai and Ken{\textquoteright}ichi Kin and Nobuhiro Shimizu and Aya Ishihara and Shigeru Yoshida and Tyler Anderson and Jim Braun and Aaron Fienberg and Jeff Weber and R. Abbasi and M. Ackermann and J. Adams and Aguilar, \{J. A.\} and M. Ahlers and M. Ahrens and C. Alispach and Alves, \{A. A.\} and Amin, \{N. M.\} and R. An and K. Andeen and T. Anderson and G. Anton and C. Arg{\"u}elles and Y. Ashida and S. Axani and X. Bai and Balagopal, \{A. V.\} and A. Barbano and Barwick, \{S. W.\} and B. Bastian and V. Basu and S. Baur and R. Bay and Beatty, \{J. J.\} and Becker, \{K. H.\} and \{Becker Tjus\}, J. and C. Bellenghi and S. BenZvi and D. Berley and E. Bernardini and Besson, \{D. Z.\} and G. Binder and D. Bindig and E. Blaufuss and S. Blot and M. Boddenberg and F. Bontempo and J. Kiryluk",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Copyright owned by the author(s).; 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021 ; Conference date: 12-07-2021 Through 23-07-2021",

year = "2022",

month = mar,

day = "18",

language = "English",

volume = "395",

journal = "Proceedings of Science",

issn = "1824-8039",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Performance of the D-Egg Optical Sensor for the IceCube Upgrade

AU - The IceCube Collaboration

AU - Hill, Colton

AU - Meier, Maximillian

AU - Nagai, Ryo

AU - Kin, Ken’ichi

AU - Shimizu, Nobuhiro

AU - Ishihara, Aya

AU - Yoshida, Shigeru

AU - Anderson, Tyler

AU - Braun, Jim

AU - Fienberg, Aaron

AU - Weber, Jeff

AU - Abbasi, R.

AU - Ackermann, M.

AU - Adams, J.

AU - Aguilar, J. A.

AU - Ahlers, M.

AU - Ahrens, M.

AU - Alispach, C.

AU - Alves, A. A.

AU - Amin, N. M.

AU - An, R.

AU - Andeen, K.

AU - Anderson, T.

AU - Anton, G.

AU - Argüelles, C.

AU - Ashida, Y.

AU - Axani, S.

AU - Bai, X.

AU - Balagopal, A. V.

AU - Barbano, A.

AU - Barwick, S. W.

AU - Bastian, B.

AU - Basu, V.

AU - Baur, S.

AU - Bay, R.

AU - Beatty, J. J.

AU - Becker, K. H.

AU - Becker Tjus, J.

AU - Bellenghi, C.

AU - BenZvi, S.

AU - Berley, D.

AU - Bernardini, E.

AU - Besson, D. Z.

AU - Binder, G.

AU - Bindig, D.

AU - Blaufuss, E.

AU - Blot, S.

AU - Boddenberg, M.

AU - Bontempo, F.

AU - Kiryluk, J.

PY - 2022/3/18

Y1 - 2022/3/18

N2 - New optical sensors called the “D-Egg” have been developed for cost-effective instrumentation for the IceCube Upgrade. With two 8-inch high quantum efficient photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), they offer increased effective photocathode area while retaining as much of the successful IceCube Digital Optical Module design as possible. Mass production of D-Eggs has started in 2020. By the end of 2021, there will be 310 D-Eggs produced with 288 deployed in the IceCube Upgrade. The D-Egg readout system uses advanced technologies in electronics and computing power. Each of the two PMT signals is digitised using ultra-low-power 14-bit ADCs with a sampling frequency of 240 MSPS, enabling seamless and lossless event recording from single-photon signals to signals exceeding 200 PE within 10 ns, as well as flexible event triggering. In this paper, we report the single photon detection performance as well as the multiple photon recording capability of D-Eggs from the mass production line which have been evaluated with the built-in data acquisition system.

AB - New optical sensors called the “D-Egg” have been developed for cost-effective instrumentation for the IceCube Upgrade. With two 8-inch high quantum efficient photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), they offer increased effective photocathode area while retaining as much of the successful IceCube Digital Optical Module design as possible. Mass production of D-Eggs has started in 2020. By the end of 2021, there will be 310 D-Eggs produced with 288 deployed in the IceCube Upgrade. The D-Egg readout system uses advanced technologies in electronics and computing power. Each of the two PMT signals is digitised using ultra-low-power 14-bit ADCs with a sampling frequency of 240 MSPS, enabling seamless and lossless event recording from single-photon signals to signals exceeding 200 PE within 10 ns, as well as flexible event triggering. In this paper, we report the single photon detection performance as well as the multiple photon recording capability of D-Eggs from the mass production line which have been evaluated with the built-in data acquisition system.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85145018482

M3 - Conference article

AN - SCOPUS:85145018482

SN - 1824-8039

VL - 395

JO - Proceedings of Science

JF - Proceedings of Science

M1 - 1042

T2 - 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021

Y2 - 12 July 2021 through 23 July 2021

ER -

Performance of the D-Egg Optical Sensor for the IceCube Upgrade

Abstract

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