Real-world analysis of Ménière's disease: treatment patterns, surgical trends, demographic disparities and co-morbidities using TriNetX data

Objective To evaluate medications, surgical procedures, demographics and co-morbidities in Ménière's disease using TriNetX. Method Retrospective cohort analysis. Results Among 117,059 Ménière's disease patients, common medications were corticosteroids benzodiazepines, diuretics and antacids. Surgical procedures were rare: cochlear implantation (1 percent), endolymphatic sac surgery (1 percent), labyrinthectomy (0.3 percent) and vestibular nerve section (0.1 percent). Surgical patients were older (mean 68.4 vs 66 years, p < 0.001), more often male (44.3 percent vs 34.6 percent) and less likely to be Asian (1.6 percent vs 8.3 percent) or African American (2.0 percent vs 4.4 per cent). Co-morbidities included musculoskeletal diseases, metabolic disorders, hypertension, anxiety and/or depression, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, thyroid disordersand migraine. Melanoma prevalence (6 percent) was 12-15 times higher than in the US population. Conclusion Ménière's disease treatment is dominated by corticosteroids, benzodiazepines and diuretics, with rare surgical procedures. Surgical patients are older, more often male and less likely to be Asian or African American. Co-morbidities include musculoskeletal diseases, hypertension, gastroesophageal reflux disease, thyroid disorders, migraine and higher melanoma prevalence, warranting further research.