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Science Requirements and Detector Concepts for the Electron-Ion Collider: EIC Yellow Report

  • R. Abdul Khalek
  • , A. Accardi
  • , J. Adam
  • , D. Adamiak
  • , W. Akers
  • , M. Albaladejo
  • , A. Al-bataineh
  • , M. G. Alexeev
  • , F. Ameli
  • , P. Antonioli
  • , N. Armesto
  • , W. R. Armstrong
  • , M. Arratia
  • , J. Arrington
  • , A. Asaturyan
  • , M. Asai
  • , E. C. Aschenauer
  • , S. Aune
  • , H. Avagyan
  • , C. Ayerbe Gayoso
  • B. Azmoun, A. Bacchetta, M. D. Baker, F. Barbosa, L. Barion, K. N. Barish, P. C. Barry, M. Battaglieri, A. Bazilevsky, N. K. Behera, F. Benmokhtar, V. V. Berdnikov, J. C. Bernauer, V. Bertone, S. Bhattacharya, C. Bissolotti, D. Boer, M. Boglione, M. Bondì, P. Boora, I. Borsa, F. Bossù, G. Bozzi, J. D. Brandenburg, N. Brei, A. Bressan, W. K. Brooks, S. Bufalino, M. H.S. Bukhari, V. Burkert, N. H. Buttimore, A. Camsonne, A. Celentano, F. G. Celiberto, W. Chang, C. Chatterjee, K. Chen, T. Chetry, T. Chiarusi, Y. T. Chien, M. Chiosso, X. Chu, E. Chudakov, G. Cicala, E. Cisbani, I. C. Cloet, C. Cocuzza, P. L. Cole, D. Colella, J. L. Collins, M. Constantinou, M. Contalbrigo, G. Contin, R. Corliss, W. Cosyn, A. Courtoy, J. Crafts, R. Cruz-Torres, R. C. Cuevas, U. D'Alesio, S. Dalla Torre, D. Das, S. S. Dasgupta, C. Da Silva, W. Deconinck, M. Defurne, W. DeGraw, K. Dehmelt, A. Del Dotto, F. Delcarro, A. Deshpande, W. Detmold, R. De Vita, M. Diefenthaler, C. Dilks, D. U. Dixit, S. Dulat, A. Dumitru, R. Dupré, J. M. Durham, M. G. Echevarria, L. El Fassi, D. Elia, R. Ent, R. Esha, J. J. Ethier, O. Evdokimov, K. O. Eyser, C. Fanelli, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, C. Fernandez-Ramirez, M. Finger, D. Fitzgerald, C. Flore, T. Frederico, I. Friščić, S. Fucini, S. Furletov, Y. Furletova, C. Gal, L. Gamberg, H. Gao, P. Garg, D. Gaskell, K. Gates, M. B. Gay Ducati, M. Gericke, G. Gil Da Silveira, F. X. Girod, D. I. Glazier, K. Gnanvo, V. P. Goncalves, L. Gonella, J. O. Gonzalez Hernandez, Y. Goto, F. Grancagnolo, L. C. Greiner, W. Guryn, V. Guzey, Y. Hatta, M. Hattawy, F. Hauenstein, X. He, T. K. Hemmick, O. Hen, G. Heyes, D. W. Higinbotham, A. N. Hiller Blin, T. J. Hobbs, M. Hohlmann, T. Horn, T. J. Hou, J. Huang, Q. Huang, G. M. Huber, C. E. Hyde, G. Iakovidis, Y. Ilieva, B. V. Jacak, P. M. Jacobs, M. Jadhav, Z. Janoska, A. Jentsch, T. Jezo, X. Jing, P. G. Jones, K. Joo, S. Joosten, V. Kafka, N. Kalantarians, G. Kalicy, D. Kang, Z. B. Kang, K. Kauder, S. J.D. Kay, C. E. Keppel, J. Kim, A. Kiselev, M. Klasen, S. Klein, H. T. Klest, O. Korchak, A. Kostina, P. Kotko, Y. V. Kovchegov, M. Krelina, S. Kuleshov, S. Kumano, K. S. Kumar, R. Kumar, L. Kumar, K. Kumerički, A. Kusina, K. Kutak, Y. S. Lai, K. Lalwani, T. Lappi, J. Lauret, M. Lavinsky, D. Lawrence, D. Lednicky, C. Lee, K. Lee, S. H. Lee, S. Levorato, H. Li, S. Li, W. Li, X. Li, W. B. Li, T. Ligonzo, H. Liu, M. X. Liu, X. Liu, S. Liuti, N. Liyanage, C. Lorcé, Z. Lu, G. Lucero, N. S. Lukow, E. Lunghi, R. Majka, Y. Makris, I. Mandjavidze, S. Mantry, H. Mäntysaari, F. Marhauser, P. Markowitz, L. Marsicano, A. Mastroserio, V. Mathieu, Y. Mehtar-Tani, W. Melnitchouk, L. Mendez, A. Metz, Z. E. Meziani, C. Mezrag, M. Mihovilovič, R. Milner, M. Mirazita, H. Mkrtchyan, A. Mkrtchyan, V. Mochalov, V. Moiseev, M. M. Mondal, A. Morreale, D. Morrison, L. Motyka, H. Moutarde, C. Muñoz Camacho, F. Murgia, M. J. Murray, P. Musico, P. Nadel-Turonski, P. M. Nadolsky, J. Nam, P. R. Newman, D. Neyret, D. Nguyen, E. R. Nocera, F. Noferini, F. Noto, A. S. Nunes, V. A. Okorokov, F. Olness, J. D. Osborn, B. S. Page, S. Park, A. Parker, K. Paschke, B. Pasquini, H. Paukkunen, S. Paul, C. Pecar, I. L. Pegg, C. Pellegrino, C. Peng, L. Pentchev, R. Perrino, F. Petriello, R. Petti, A. Pilloni, C. Pinkenburg, B. Pire, C. Pisano, D. Pitonyak, A. A. Poblaguev, T. Polakovic, M. Posik, M. Potekhin, R. Preghenella, S. Preins, A. Prokudin, P. Pujahari, M. L. Purschke, J. R. Pybus, M. Radici, R. Rajput-Ghoshal, P. E. Reimer, M. Rinaldi, F. Ringer, C. D. Roberts, S. Rodini, J. Rojo, D. Romanov, P. Rossi, E. Santopinto, M. Sarsour, R. Sassot, N. Sato, B. Schenke, W. B. Schmidke, I. Schmidt, A. Schmidt, B. Schmookler, G. Schnell, P. Schweitzer, J. Schwiening, I. Scimemi, S. Scopetta, J. Segovia, R. Seidl, S. Sekula, K. Semenov-Tian-Shanskiy, D. Y. Shao, N. Sherrill, E. Sichtermann, M. Siddikov, A. Signori, B. K. Singh, S. Širca, K. Slifer, W. Slominski, D. Sokhan, W. E. Sondheim, Y. Song, O. Soto, H. Spiesberger, A. M. Stasto, P. Stepanov, G. Sterman, J. R. Stevens, I. W. Stewart, I. Strakovsky, M. Strikman, M. Sturm, M. L. Stutzman, M. Sullivan, B. Surrow, P. Svihra, S. Syritsyn, A. Szczepaniak, P. Sznajder, H. Szumila-Vance, L. Szymanowski, A. S. Tadepalli, J. D. Tapia Takaki, G. F. Tassielli, J. Terry, F. Tessarotto, K. Tezgin, L. Tomasek, F. Torales Acosta, P. Tribedy, A. Tricoli, Triloki, S. Tripathi, R. L. Trotta, O. D. Tsai, Z. Tu, C. Tuvè, T. Ullrich, M. Ungaro, G. M. Urciuoli, A. Valentini, P. Vancura, M. Vandenbroucke, C. Van Hulse, G. Varner, R. Venugopalan, I. Vitev, A. Vladimirov, G. Volpe, A. Vossen, E. Voutier, J. Wagner, S. Wallon, H. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wang, S. Y. Wei, C. Weiss, T. Wenaus, H. Wennlöf, N. Wickramaarachchi, A. Wikramanayake, D. Winney, C. P. Wong, C. Woody, L. Xia, B. W. Xiao, J. Xie, H. Xing, Q. H. Xu, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Z. W. Zhao, Y. X. Zhao, L. Zheng, Y. Zhou, P. Zurita
  • Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
  • National Institute for Subatomic Physics
  • Hampton University
  • Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
  • Brookhaven National Laboratory
  • Ohio State University
  • Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
  • University of Turin
  • National Institute for Nuclear Physics
  • University of Santiago de Compostela
  • Argonne National Laboratory
  • University of California at Riverside
  • Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  • A. Alikhanian National Science Laboratory
  • SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
  • Université Paris-Saclay
  • Mississippi State University
  • University of Pavia
  • North Carolina State University
  • Central University of Tamil Nadu
  • Duquesne University
  • Catholic University of America
  • Temple University
  • University of Groningen
  • Malaviya National Institute of Technology
  • Universidad de Buenos Aires
  • CFNS
  • University of Trieste
  • Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria
  • Polytechnic University of Turin
  • Jazan University
  • Trinity College Dublin
  • Fondazione Bruno Kessler
  • INFN-TIFPA
  • Central China Normal University
  • National Research Council of Italy
  • Istituto Superiore di Sanita
  • Lamar University
  • Polytechnic University of Bari
  • Florida Institute of Technology
  • Florida International University
  • Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
  • University of Cagliari
  • Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics
  • Los Alamos National Laboratory
  • University of Manitoba
  • University of California at Berkeley
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  • Duke University
  • Xinjiang University
  • City University of New York
  • University of Alcalá
  • University of Illinois at Chicago
  • University of Kentucky
  • Charles University
  • University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
  • Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica
  • University of Perugia
  • Stony Brook University
  • Pennsylvania State University
  • University of Glasgow
  • Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
  • University of Connecticut
  • George Washington University
  • University of Virginia
  • Universidade Federal de Pelotas
  • University of Birmingham
  • RIKEN
  • Petersburg Nuclear Physics InstituteGatchina
  • Old Dominion University
  • Georgia State University
  • Southern Methodist University
  • Illinois Institute of Technology
  • Northeastern University China
  • University of Regina
  • University of South Carolina
  • Czech Technical University in Prague
  • Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
  • Virginia Union University
  • Fudan University
  • University of California at Los Angeles
  • University of Münster
  • AGH University of Krakow
  • Universidad Andrés Bello
  • High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba
  • University of Massachusetts
  • Akal University
  • Panjab University
  • University of Zagreb
  • Institute of Nuclear Physics
  • University of Jyväskylä
  • University of Helsinki
  • South China Normal University
  • Rice University
  • College of William and Mary
  • University of Bari
  • Beijing Normal University
  • IP Paris
  • Southeast University, Nanjing
  • Indiana University Bloomington
  • Yale University
  • University of North Georgia
  • University of Foggia
  • Complutense University
  • Brookhaven National Lab
  • Oak Ridge National Laboratory
  • Jožef Stefan Institute
  • Institute for High Energy Physics
  • Moscow Engineering Physics Institute
  • Jagiellonian University in Kraków
  • University of Kansas
  • University of Edinburgh
  • Northwestern University
  • Lebanon Valley College
  • Indian Institute of Technology Madras
  • Nanjing University
  • University of the Basque Country
  • Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science
  • GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research
  • Universidad Pablo de Olavide
  • Banaras Hindu University
  • University of Ljubljana
  • University of New Hampshire
  • Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
  • National Centre for Nuclear Research
  • University of Hawai'i at Mānoa
  • University of Catania
  • University of Regensburg
  • Zhengzhou University
  • University of Science and Technology of China
  • The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen
  • Shandong University
  • Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • China University of Geosciences, Wuhan

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

857 Scopus citations

Abstract

This report describes the physics case, the resulting detector requirements, and the evolving detector concepts for the experimental program at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The EIC will be a powerful new high-luminosity facility in the United States with the capability to collide high-energy electron beams with high-energy proton and ion beams, providing access to those regions in the nucleon and nuclei where their structure is dominated by gluons. Moreover, polarized beams in the EIC will give unprecedented access to the spatial and spin structure of the proton, neutron, and light ions. The studies leading to this document were commissioned and organized by the EIC User Group with the objective of advancing the state and detail of the physics program and developing detector concepts that meet the emerging requirements in preparation for the realization of the EIC. The effort aims to provide the basis for further development of concepts for experimental equipment best suited for the science needs, including the importance of two complementary detectors and interaction regions. This report consists of three volumes. Volume I is an executive summary of our findings and developed concepts. In Volume II we describe studies of a wide range of physics measurements and the emerging requirements on detector acceptance and performance. Volume III discusses general-purpose detector concepts and the underlying technologies to meet the physics requirements. These considerations will form the basis for a world-class experimental program that aims to increase our understanding of the fundamental structure of all visible matter.

Original languageEnglish
Article number122447
JournalNuclear Physics, Section A
Volume1026
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 2022

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