TY - JOUR
T1 - TDCOSMO
T2 - XXIII. Measurement of the Hubble constant from the doubly lensed quasar HE 1104-1805
AU - Paic, Eric
AU - Courbin, Frédéric
AU - Fassnacht, Christopher D.
AU - Galan, Aymeric
AU - Millon, Martin
AU - Sluse, Dominique
AU - Williams, Devon M.
AU - Birrer, Simon
AU - Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth J.
AU - Cappellari, Michele
AU - Dux, Frédéric
AU - Huang, Xiang Yu
AU - Knabel, Shawn
AU - Lemon, Cameron
AU - Shajib, Anowar J.
AU - Suyu, Sherry H.
AU - Treu, Tommaso
AU - Wong, Kenneth C.
AU - Christensen, Lise
AU - Motta, Veronica
AU - Sonnenfeld, Alessandro
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Authors 2026.
PY - 2026/2/1
Y1 - 2026/2/1
N2 - Time-delay cosmography leverages strongly lensed quasars to measure the Universe's current expansion rate, H0, independently from other methods. The latest TDCOSMO milestone measurement primarily used quadruply lensed quasars for their mass profile constraints. However, doubly lensed quasars, being more abundant and offering precise time delays, could expand the sample by a factor of 5, significantly advancing towards a 1% precision measurement of H0. We present the first TDCOSMO analysis of a doubly imaged source, HE 1104-1805, including the measurement of the four necessary ingredients. First, by combining 17 years of data from the SMARTS, Euler, and WFI telescopes, we measured a time delay of 176.3+11:4 -10:3 days. Second, using MUSE data, we extracted stellar velocity dispersion measurements in three radial bins with 5% to 13% precision. Third, employing F160W HST imaging for lens modelling and marginalising over various modelling choices, we measured the Fermat potential difference between the images. Fourth, using wide-field imaging, we measured the convergence added by objects not included in the lens modelling. By combining these four ingredients, we measured the time delay distance and the angular diameter distance to the deflector, favouring a power-law mass model over a baryonic and dark matter composite model. The measurement was performed blindly to prevent experimenter bias and resulted in a Hubble constant of H0 = 64:2+5:8 -5:0 × λint km s-1Mpc-1, where λint is the internal mass sheet degeneracy parameter. This is in agreement with the TDCOSMO-2025 milestone and its precision for λint = 1 is comparable to that obtained with the best-observed quadruply lensed quasars (4-6%). This work is a stepping stone towards a precise measurement of H0 using a large sample of doubly lensed quasars, supplementing the current sample. The next TDCOSMO milestone paper will include this system in its hierarchical analysis, constraining λint and H0 jointly with multiple lenses.
AB - Time-delay cosmography leverages strongly lensed quasars to measure the Universe's current expansion rate, H0, independently from other methods. The latest TDCOSMO milestone measurement primarily used quadruply lensed quasars for their mass profile constraints. However, doubly lensed quasars, being more abundant and offering precise time delays, could expand the sample by a factor of 5, significantly advancing towards a 1% precision measurement of H0. We present the first TDCOSMO analysis of a doubly imaged source, HE 1104-1805, including the measurement of the four necessary ingredients. First, by combining 17 years of data from the SMARTS, Euler, and WFI telescopes, we measured a time delay of 176.3+11:4 -10:3 days. Second, using MUSE data, we extracted stellar velocity dispersion measurements in three radial bins with 5% to 13% precision. Third, employing F160W HST imaging for lens modelling and marginalising over various modelling choices, we measured the Fermat potential difference between the images. Fourth, using wide-field imaging, we measured the convergence added by objects not included in the lens modelling. By combining these four ingredients, we measured the time delay distance and the angular diameter distance to the deflector, favouring a power-law mass model over a baryonic and dark matter composite model. The measurement was performed blindly to prevent experimenter bias and resulted in a Hubble constant of H0 = 64:2+5:8 -5:0 × λint km s-1Mpc-1, where λint is the internal mass sheet degeneracy parameter. This is in agreement with the TDCOSMO-2025 milestone and its precision for λint = 1 is comparable to that obtained with the best-observed quadruply lensed quasars (4-6%). This work is a stepping stone towards a precise measurement of H0 using a large sample of doubly lensed quasars, supplementing the current sample. The next TDCOSMO milestone paper will include this system in its hierarchical analysis, constraining λint and H0 jointly with multiple lenses.
KW - Cosmological parameters
KW - Cosmology: observations
KW - Distance scale
KW - Gravitational lensing: strong
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105030659751
U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/202556411
DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/202556411
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:105030659751
SN - 0004-6361
VL - 706
JO - Astronomy and Astrophysics
JF - Astronomy and Astrophysics
M1 - A270
ER -