TY - JOUR
T1 - Terrestrial Behavior in Titi Monkeys (Callicebus, Cheracebus, and Plecturocebus)
T2 - Potential Correlates, Patterns, and Differences between Genera
AU - Souza-Alves, João Pedro
AU - Mourthe, Italo
AU - Hilário, Renato R.
AU - Bicca-Marques, Júlio César
AU - Rehg, Jennifer
AU - Gestich, Carla C.
AU - Acero-Murcia, Adriana C.
AU - Adret, Patrice
AU - Aquino, Rolando
AU - Berthet, Mélissa
AU - Bowler, Mark
AU - Calouro, Armando M.
AU - Canale, Gustavo R.
AU - Cardoso, Nayara de A.
AU - Caselli, Christini B.
AU - Cäsar, Cristiane
AU - Chagas, Renata R.D.
AU - Clyvia, Aryanne
AU - Corsini, Cintia F.
AU - Defler, Thomas
AU - DeLuycker, Anneke
AU - Di Fiore, Anthony
AU - Dingess, Kimberly
AU - Erkenswick, Gideon
AU - Ferreira, Michele Alves
AU - Fernandez-Duque, Eduardo
AU - Ferrari, Stephen F.
AU - Fontes, Isadora P.
AU - Gomes, Josimar Daniel
AU - Gonçalves, Frederico P.R.
AU - Guerra, Maurício
AU - Haugaasen, Torbjørn
AU - Heiduck, Stefanie
AU - Heymann, Eckhard W.
AU - Hodges, Shannon
AU - Huashuayo-Llamocca, Rosario
AU - Jerusalinsky, Leandro
AU - Kasper, Carlos Benhur
AU - Lawrence, Jenna
AU - Lueffe, Teresa Magdalena
AU - Lopes, Karine G.D.
AU - Martínez, Jesús
AU - de Melo, Fabiano R.
AU - Messias, Mariluce Rezende
AU - Nagy-Reis, Mariana B.
AU - Nole, Inés
AU - Paciência, Filipa
AU - Palacios, Erwin
AU - Poirier, Alice
AU - Porfírio, Grasiela
AU - Porter, Amy
AU - Price, Eluned
AU - Printes, Rodrigo C.
AU - Quintino, Erika P.
AU - Reis, Evandro Amato
AU - Rocha, Alessandro
AU - Rodríguez, Adriana
AU - Röhe, Fábio
AU - Rumiz, Damian
AU - Shanee, Sam
AU - Santana, Marina M.
AU - Setz, Eleonore Z.F.
AU - de Souza, Francisco Salatiel C.
AU - Spironello, Wilson
AU - Tirado Herrera, Emérita R.
AU - Vinhas, Luana
AU - Vulinec, Kevina
AU - Wallace, Robert B.
AU - Watsa, Mrinalini
AU - Wright, Patricia C.
AU - Young, Robert J.
AU - Barnett, Adrian A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2019/10/1
Y1 - 2019/10/1
N2 - For arboreal primates, ground use may increase dispersal opportunities, tolerance to habitat change, access to ground-based resources, and resilience to human disturbances, and so has conservation implications. We collated published and unpublished data from 86 studies across 65 localities to assess titi monkey (Callicebinae) terrestriality. We examined whether the frequency of terrestrial activity correlated with study duration (a proxy for sampling effort), rainfall level (a proxy for food availability seasonality), and forest height (a proxy for vertical niche dimension). Terrestrial activity was recorded frequently for Callicebus and Plecturocebus spp., but rarely for Cheracebus spp. Terrestrial resting, anti-predator behavior, geophagy, and playing frequencies in Callicebus and Plecturocebus spp., but feeding and moving differed. Callicebus spp. often ate or searched for new leaves terrestrially. Plecturocebus spp. descended primarily to ingest terrestrial invertebrates and soil. Study duration correlated positively and rainfall level negatively with terrestrial activity. Though differences in sampling effort and methods limited comparisons and interpretation, overall, titi monkeys commonly engaged in a variety of terrestrial activities. Terrestrial behavior in Callicebus and Plecturocebus capacities may bolster resistance to habitat fragmentation. However, it is uncertain if the low frequency of terrestriality recorded for Cheracebus spp. is a genus-specific trait associated with a more basal phylogenetic position, or because studies of this genus occurred in pristine habitats. Observations of terrestrial behavior increased with increasing sampling effort and decreasing food availability. Overall, we found a high frequency of terrestrial behavior in titi monkeys, unlike that observed in other pitheciids.
AB - For arboreal primates, ground use may increase dispersal opportunities, tolerance to habitat change, access to ground-based resources, and resilience to human disturbances, and so has conservation implications. We collated published and unpublished data from 86 studies across 65 localities to assess titi monkey (Callicebinae) terrestriality. We examined whether the frequency of terrestrial activity correlated with study duration (a proxy for sampling effort), rainfall level (a proxy for food availability seasonality), and forest height (a proxy for vertical niche dimension). Terrestrial activity was recorded frequently for Callicebus and Plecturocebus spp., but rarely for Cheracebus spp. Terrestrial resting, anti-predator behavior, geophagy, and playing frequencies in Callicebus and Plecturocebus spp., but feeding and moving differed. Callicebus spp. often ate or searched for new leaves terrestrially. Plecturocebus spp. descended primarily to ingest terrestrial invertebrates and soil. Study duration correlated positively and rainfall level negatively with terrestrial activity. Though differences in sampling effort and methods limited comparisons and interpretation, overall, titi monkeys commonly engaged in a variety of terrestrial activities. Terrestrial behavior in Callicebus and Plecturocebus capacities may bolster resistance to habitat fragmentation. However, it is uncertain if the low frequency of terrestriality recorded for Cheracebus spp. is a genus-specific trait associated with a more basal phylogenetic position, or because studies of this genus occurred in pristine habitats. Observations of terrestrial behavior increased with increasing sampling effort and decreasing food availability. Overall, we found a high frequency of terrestrial behavior in titi monkeys, unlike that observed in other pitheciids.
KW - Callicebinae
KW - Fruit availability
KW - Ground use
KW - Predation risk
KW - Sampling effort
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85072054467
U2 - 10.1007/s10764-019-00105-x
DO - 10.1007/s10764-019-00105-x
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85072054467
SN - 0164-0291
VL - 40
SP - 553
EP - 572
JO - International Journal of Primatology
JF - International Journal of Primatology
IS - 4-5
ER -