TY - GEN
T1 - The platelet hammer
T2 - 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2015
AU - Sheriff, Jawaad
AU - Tran, Phat L.
AU - Hutchinson, Marcus
AU - Decook, Tracy
AU - Slepian, Marvin J.
AU - Bluestein, Danny
AU - Jesty, Jolyon
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 IEEE.
PY - 2015/11/4
Y1 - 2015/11/4
N2 - Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices, such as ventricular assist devices and the total artificial heart, have emerged as a vital therapy for advanced and end-stage heart failure. However, MCS patients face life-long antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy to minimize thrombotic complications resulting from the dynamic and supraphysiologic device-associated shear stress conditions, whose effect on platelet activation is poorly understood. We repeatedly exposed platelets to average shear stresses up to 1000 dyne/cm2 for as short as 25 ms in the 'platelet hammer,' a syringe-capillary viscometer. Platelet activation state was measured using a modified prothrombinase assay and morphological changes analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. An increase in stress accumulation (SA), the product of shear stress and exposure time, led to an increase in the platelet activation state and post-high shear platelet activation rate, or sensitization. A significant increase in platelet activation state was observed beyond an SA of 1500 dyne-s/cm2, with a marked increase in pseudopod length visible beyond an SA of 1000 dyne-s/cm2. The platelet hammer may be used to study other shear-dependent pathologies and may ultimately enhance the safety and effectiveness of MCS devices and objective antithrombotic pharmacotherapy management.
AB - Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices, such as ventricular assist devices and the total artificial heart, have emerged as a vital therapy for advanced and end-stage heart failure. However, MCS patients face life-long antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy to minimize thrombotic complications resulting from the dynamic and supraphysiologic device-associated shear stress conditions, whose effect on platelet activation is poorly understood. We repeatedly exposed platelets to average shear stresses up to 1000 dyne/cm2 for as short as 25 ms in the 'platelet hammer,' a syringe-capillary viscometer. Platelet activation state was measured using a modified prothrombinase assay and morphological changes analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. An increase in stress accumulation (SA), the product of shear stress and exposure time, led to an increase in the platelet activation state and post-high shear platelet activation rate, or sensitization. A significant increase in platelet activation state was observed beyond an SA of 1500 dyne-s/cm2, with a marked increase in pseudopod length visible beyond an SA of 1000 dyne-s/cm2. The platelet hammer may be used to study other shear-dependent pathologies and may ultimately enhance the safety and effectiveness of MCS devices and objective antithrombotic pharmacotherapy management.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84953306576
U2 - 10.1109/EMBC.2015.7318350
DO - 10.1109/EMBC.2015.7318350
M3 - Conference contribution
C2 - 26736250
AN - SCOPUS:84953306576
T3 - Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS
SP - 262
EP - 265
BT - 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2015
PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Y2 - 25 August 2015 through 29 August 2015
ER -