Abstract
This chapter discusses the definition of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) failure and reviews current treatment options and strategies for the management of non-muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder recurring after initial intravesical BCG therapy. In these patients, in fact, recurrence and progression may occur in up to 50% and 90% of cases, respectively, despite initial complete response rates as high as 83%. Although radical cystectomy remains the standard treatment for BCG failure, surgical risk assessment and patient preference may force the treating physician to choose alternative treatments. We present a critical review of the currently available options.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Bladder Cancer |
| Subtitle of host publication | Diagnosis and Clinical Management |
| Publisher | wiley |
| Pages | 98-108 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9781118674826 |
| ISBN (Print) | 9781118674840 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 1 2015 |
Keywords
- BCG failure
- bladder cancer
- conservative management
- non-muscle-invasive
- outcomes
- progression
- recurrence
- treatment
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